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How to Write A Script

There's a modicum of difference between scriptwriting and screenwriting. Scriptwriting involves writing news script that newscasters read over the teleprompter, to speeches, to writing a script for a television show. Screenwriters write for movie screens and the small screens of TV. The two terms tend to be used interchangeably, even within the TV and film industries. Both have common elements regarding writing and formatting although script types vary.

There are eight basic elements of a script: scene heading, action, character name, dialogue, parenthetical, extensions, transitions and shots (production information).

Scene headings depict where the action is taking place. Action is more than the director yelling for taping or filming to start. Action is descriptive; it sets the scene for the verbal or physical process that moves along your script. Action is active or happening now. Every screenplay, every script has characters, whether real or imagined. Characters are named by name or by description. Action cannot move unless your character moves it along by dialogue.

Dialogue is verbal interaction between two characters in TV and film writing and by one or more characters in script writing. Parentheticals are simply directions given between the character name and the dialogue enclosed in parentheses. Parentheticals give your dialogue its flavor, but should be used sparingly as actors like to give their own style to their dialogue.

Extensions, transitions, and shots are simply technical utilities used more in shooting scripts than in dialogue scripts. Extensions let the reader know that the character is off-screen. In commercial scripts, this is often known as the voice-over. Transitions are used sparingly in script and screen writing, mostly used for shooting scripts. Transitional terms include: dissolve to, fade to, fade out and cut to another scene or shot. Shots tell the cameraman how to set up his camera for the scene and describes the focal point of a scene: extreme close up, pan the camera left or right, reverse the angle, among other camera terms. Screen and script writing programs usually have such utilities programmed into the software.

Every script starts with an idea, the idea develops into a story, the writer writes the story out or adapts it to the script and spends countless hours revising it. In scripts that involve TV newscasts or speech writing, there's no beginning, middle and end to a multi-page story, but usually an outline that the scriptwriter works from and revises. Other than formatting, revising is arguably the most important part of screen or script writing. Many websites teach the mechanics of screen and script writing from viewing biographies of famous writers to reading actual scripts to script templates for the kindergarten to high school set.